6.3. Methods and Material for Containment and Cleaning Up

Overview

This section provides guidance on the appropriate methods and materials to use for containing and cleaning up chemical spills or releases.

Containment Methods

Physical State-Specific Methods

The appropriate containment method depends on the physical state and properties of the spilled material:

For liquids:

  • Use absorbent materials like sand, vermiculite, or commercial spill kits
  • Create dikes or barriers to prevent spreading
  • Use drain covers to prevent entry into sewers or waterways

For solids:

  • Cover with plastic sheeting or tarp to prevent dispersal
  • Dampen to prevent dust formation (if safe to do so)

For gases/vapors:

  • Use water spray to knock down vapors
  • Ventilate area to disperse gases

Cleaning Up Procedures

General Steps

  1. Identify the spilled material and review the SDS
  2. Put on appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE)
  3. Stop the source of the spill if possible and safe to do so
  4. Contain the spill using methods described above
  5. Collect the spilled material:
    • For liquids: Absorb with inert materials
    • For solids: Shovel, sweep, or vacuum up material
  6. Place collected material in appropriate containers for disposal
  7. Decontaminate the spill area
  8. Properly dispose of cleanup materials and contaminated items

Materials for Containment and Cleanup

Common Materials

Material Use
Absorbent pads/rolls Absorb liquid spills
Sand or vermiculite Absorb and contain liquid spills
Chemical neutralizers Neutralize corrosive spills
Plastic sheeting Cover solid spills
Brooms and shovels Collect solid materials
Vacuum cleaners with HEPA filters Collect hazardous dusts

Special Considerations

Important Safety Measures

  • For flammable materials, use non-sparking tools and explosion-proof equipment
  • For acids and bases, use appropriate neutralizing agents before cleanup
  • For mercury spills, use specialized mercury spill kits
  • For biological spills, use appropriate disinfectants

Example: Cleanup Method for Sulfuric Acid Spill

Step-by-Step Procedure

  1. Don acid-resistant PPE including goggles, gloves, and protective clothing
  2. Contain spill with inert absorbent material like vermiculite
  3. Carefully neutralize with sodium bicarbonate or other suitable base
  4. Absorb neutralized material with more absorbent
  5. Scoop material into plastic container for disposal
  6. Wash spill area thoroughly with water