Documentation Guide
Introduction to Documentation
Good documentation is crucial for software maintainability, team collaboration, and user adoption. This guide covers best practices for creating and maintaining different types of documentation.
Documentation Types:
- Code Documentation - Comments and docstrings
- API Documentation - Endpoints and usage
- System Documentation - Architecture and setup
- User Documentation - Guides and tutorials
- Process Documentation - Workflows and procedures
- Technical Specifications - Requirements and design
Code Documentation
Python Documentation Example
class DataProcessor:
"""
A class for processing and transforming data.
This class provides methods for common data processing tasks
such as cleaning, transformation, and validation.
Attributes:
data_format (str): The format of input data
validate (bool): Whether to validate data
logger (Logger): Logger instance for error tracking
"""
def __init__(self, data_format: str, validate: bool = True):
"""
Initialize the DataProcessor.
Args:
data_format (str): Format of the input data
('csv', 'json', or 'xml')
validate (bool, optional): Whether to validate data.
Defaults to True.
Raises:
ValueError: If data_format is not supported
"""
self.data_format = data_format
self.validate = validate
self.logger = self._setup_logger()
def process_data(self, data: dict) -> dict:
"""
Process input data according to specified format.
Args:
data (dict): Input data to process
Returns:
dict: Processed data
Raises:
ValueError: If data is invalid
ProcessingError: If processing fails
Example:
>>> processor = DataProcessor('json')
>>> data = {'name': 'John', 'age': 30}
>>> processed = processor.process_data(data)
"""
try:
if self.validate:
self._validate_data(data)
processed_data = self._transform_data(data)
self.logger.info('Data processed successfully')
return processed_data
except Exception as e:
self.logger.error(f'Processing failed: {str(e)}')
raise ProcessingError(str(e))
JavaScript Documentation Example
/**
* User authentication and management class.
* @class
*/
class AuthManager {
/**
* Create an AuthManager instance.
* @param {Object} config - Configuration options
* @param {string} config.apiUrl - Authentication API URL
* @param {number} config.timeout - Request timeout in ms
* @param {boolean} [config.useCache=false] - Whether to cache tokens
*/
constructor(config) {
this.apiUrl = config.apiUrl;
this.timeout = config.timeout;
this.useCache = config.useCache ?? false;
}
/**
* Login user with credentials.
* @async
* @param {string} username - User's username
* @param {string} password - User's password
* @returns {Promise
API Documentation
OpenAPI/Swagger Example
openapi: 3.0.0
info:
title: User Management API
version: 1.0.0
description: API for managing user accounts and authentication
servers:
- url: https://api.example.com/v1
description: Production server
- url: https://staging-api.example.com/v1
description: Staging server
paths:
/users:
get:
summary: List all users
description: Returns a list of users with pagination
parameters:
- name: page
in: query
description: Page number
required: false
schema:
type: integer
default: 1
- name: limit
in: query
description: Items per page
required: false
schema:
type: integer
default: 10
responses:
'200':
description: List of users
content:
application/json:
schema:
type: object
properties:
users:
type: array
items:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/User'
total:
type: integer
pages:
type: integer
'401':
$ref: '#/components/responses/Unauthorized'
'403':
$ref: '#/components/responses/Forbidden'
post:
summary: Create a new user
description: Create a new user account
requestBody:
required: true
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/NewUser'
responses:
'201':
description: User created successfully
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/User'
'400':
$ref: '#/components/responses/BadRequest'
'409':
description: User already exists
components:
schemas:
User:
type: object
properties:
id:
type: string
format: uuid
username:
type: string
email:
type: string
format: email
created_at:
type: string
format: date-time
required:
- id
- username
- email
NewUser:
type: object
properties:
username:
type: string
minLength: 3
email:
type: string
format: email
password:
type: string
minLength: 8
required:
- username
- email
- password
responses:
BadRequest:
description: Invalid request
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/Error'
Unauthorized:
description: Authentication required
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/Error'
Forbidden:
description: Permission denied
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/Error'
System Documentation
Architecture Documentation Example
# System Architecture Document
## Overview
This document describes the high-level architecture of the system,
including its components, interactions, and technical decisions.
## System Components
### Frontend Application
- Framework: React with TypeScript
- State Management: Redux
- UI Library: Material-UI
- Testing: Jest, React Testing Library
- Build Tool: Vite
### Backend Services
- Language: Node.js
- Framework: Express
- Database: PostgreSQL
- ORM: Prisma
- Authentication: JWT
- API Style: REST
### Infrastructure
- Cloud Provider: AWS
- Deployment: Docker + Kubernetes
- CI/CD: GitHub Actions
- Monitoring: Prometheus + Grafana
- Logging: ELK Stack
## Data Flow
1. User requests -> API Gateway
2. API Gateway -> Load Balancer
3. Load Balancer -> Service Instances
4. Service -> Database
5. Service -> Cache (Redis)
6. Service -> Message Queue
## Security Measures
- SSL/TLS Encryption
- JWT Authentication
- Role-Based Access Control
- API Rate Limiting
- Input Validation
- SQL Injection Prevention
- XSS Protection
## Deployment Process
1. Code commit triggers CI pipeline
2. Run tests and security scans
3. Build Docker images
4. Push to container registry
5. Update Kubernetes deployments
6. Run smoke tests
7. Monitor deployment health
## Monitoring & Alerts
- Service Health Checks
- Error Rate Monitoring
- Response Time Metrics
- Resource Utilization
- Custom Business Metrics
- Alert Thresholds
## Backup & Recovery
- Database Backups: Daily
- Backup Retention: 30 days
- Recovery Time Objective: 4 hours
- Recovery Point Objective: 24 hours
User Documentation
Documentation Structure:
- Getting Started
- Installation guide
- Quick start tutorial
- Basic concepts
- User Guide
- Feature documentation
- Use cases
- Best practices
- Tutorials
- Step-by-step guides
- Examples
- Common tasks
- Reference
- API documentation
- Configuration options
- Command reference
Documentation Tools
Code Documentation:
- JSDoc - JavaScript documentation
- Sphinx - Python documentation
- Doxygen - C++ documentation
- Javadoc - Java documentation
API Documentation:
- Swagger/OpenAPI
- Postman
- API Blueprint
- RAML
Static Site Generators:
- MkDocs
- Jekyll
- GitBook
- VuePress
Collaboration Tools:
- Confluence
- Notion
- Google Docs
- Microsoft Teams Wiki